Germany seals 2025 budget plan after tense negotiations

German government leaders on Friday agreed on an outline for the country’s 2025 budget after intense negotiations to bridge a gap worth billions of euros.

The budget aims to address “uncertainty” and “uneasiness” in Germany, Chancellor Olaf Scholz said, flagging key points such as boosting defense spending and investments in housebuilding.

The budget bill still faces a few months of scrutiny. Scholz has told the German parliament that his Cabinet would sign off on the plans this month. But the budget must then be discussed by the German parliament after its summer break, before being finalized later in the year.

Negotiations have been ongoing for weeks after spending plans shared by individual ministries exceeded constraints by billions. German Finance Minister Christian Lindner previously said some ministries had been excessive with their request.

“There are individual departments that have submitted exorbitant wish lists — Christmas, Easter and birthdays combined, so to speak,” Lindner said in May, according to Reuters. “That is not acceptable.”

Tensions were stoked after a late-2023 constitutional court decision blew a 60-billion-euro ($64.8 billion) funding gap in the government’s budgetary plans for the years ahead.

The government had been planning to re-allocate unused debt that was originally taken on as emergency funding during the Covid-19 pandemic to its ongoing spending plans.

The court ruling stopped this and threw the government into a budget crisis that prompted discussions about the country’s debt brake, which restricts how much debt the federal government can take on and caps the maximum size of its structural deficit.

Discussions around the merit of the debt brake, which has been a cornerstone of German fiscal policy since 2009, have also re-emerged as part of the discussions about the budget.